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Civil War Timeline

A timeline of 15 Civil War battles.

April 12, 1861- April 13, 1861

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Battle of Fort Sumter

The battle took place in Charleston North Carolina, the union won, and it was important because it kickstarted the war. On April 12, 1861. Lincoln sent the soldiers of Fort Sumter food, which to the south was a Lincoln tipping off the war. Confederate forces, led by General P.G.T. Beauregard, bombarded the federal garrison at Fort Sumter in Charleston Harbor, South Carolina. The Union, under Major Robert Anderson, resisted but ultimately surrendered after two days of intense shelling. This showed the escalating tensions between the North and South over the issue of slavery, this battle once again incited both sides and led to the civil war.

July 21st, 1861- Jul 21st, 1861

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First Battle of Bull Run

The First Battle of Bull Run fought on July 21, 1861, was the first major clash of the American Civil War. It took place in Virginia, Union forces aimed to capture the Confederate capital of Richmond. Confederate troops fiercely resisted. The battle was favoring the Union at first, but Confederate reinforcements turned the tide. In the chaos of retreat, panicked Union forces suffered heavy casualties. The South won but not only did the North lose they had a lot to think about. This quickly shattered the illusion that this war would be over swiftly and set them into a new perspective of how this war was really going to go.

March 8, 1862- March 9, 1862

Hampton Roads

The Battle of Hampton Roads was fought on March 8 and 9, 1862, on the Hampton roads. The American Civil War marked a historic naval engagement between the ironclad warships USS Monitor and CSS Virginia. This clash between the first ironclad vessels in naval history demonstrated the obsolescence of wooden warships. This battle showcased the new technological revolution of maritime military weaponry. The war although a big step in war machinery, throwing out wooden naval vessels, was declared a victory for both sides. Neither wanted to admit it was a draw, its strategic impact was the most significant thing overall.

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March 26, 1862 – March 28, 1862

Glorieta Pass

The Battle of Gloriette Pass, fought from March 26 to 28, 1862, it was a decisive conflict in the New Mexico Campaign. Union forces, clashed with Confederate troops in a bloody battle. Despite initial Confederate success, Union forces managed to cut off the Confederate supply line and destroy their provisions at Johnson's Ranch. This strategic blow forced the Confederates to retreat, it was very blood and resulted in them halting in the southwest. The Battle of Glorieta Pass is often considered the "Gettysburg of the West" for its pivotal role in securing the Union's control over the New Mexico Territory.

April 6, 1862- April 7, 1862

Battle of Shiloh

The Battle of Shiloh was between the Union and Confederate forces near Pittsburg Landing, Tennessee. The battle was named after a local church. This Union was led by Generals Ulysses S. Grant and William T. Sherman. The clash withy Confederate forces was led by Generals Albert Sidney Johnson and P. G. T. Beauregard. The battle was initiated by the Confederated Generals. The battle had many casualties, as a result. There were approximately 23,000 soldiers wounded, killed, or missing. The Union ultimately won, gaining strategic control of the Mississippi Valley and setting the stage for further campaigns in the Western Theater.

June 25, 1862, July 1, 1862

Seven Days Lunch

This battle started when the Confederate General Robert E. Lee counterattacked the Union forces led by General George McClellan. This battle was fought in Virginia. This battle highlighted Lee's aggressive tactics that compelled McClellan's withdrawal. The battle was a whole week long. The Seven Days Battles prevented the Union from capturing Richmond and boosting the Confederates. Towards the end of the battle the Union army had to retreat into a defensive position, but this just made General McClellan withdraw from the battle. There were many casualties from both sides. The amount of casualties has estimated from 36,000-40,000 people who were either injured, killed, or missing.