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Indo- European Families

Indo-European is a family of languages that first spread throughout Europe and many parts of South Asia, and later to every corner of the globe as a result of colonization. The term Indo-European is essentially geographical since it refers to the easternmost extension of the family from the Indian subcontinent to its westernmost reach in Europe. The family includes most of the languages of Europe, as well as many languages of Southwest, Central and South Asia. Below It is a timeline about eight language branches of Indo- European Families.

Indo- European

1. Indo-Iranian

The Indo-Iranian language family is comprised of languages spoken primarily in Iran, Afghanistan, some former Soviet republics, some areas of Iraq and Turkey, Pakistan, India and Bangladesh. It includes two sub-branches: Indo-Aryan (Indic) and Iranian. Source

Indo-Iranian languages were spoken by nearly one billion individuals, most of whom resided in a broad region of southwestern and southern Asia.

Speakers of modern Iranian languages number between 150 and 200 million; Speakers of modern Indo-Aryan languages number more than 800 million persons.

Since 1000 BC.

Aryan languages have been spoken in what is now northern and central India and Pakistan.

Around from 1000 BC.

Appeared the oldest record of an Indic language, it is the Vedic Sanskrit of the Rigveda, the oldest of the sacred scriptures of India.

During the 2nd millennium BC.

Started a very poorly known dialect spoken in or near northern Iraq.

Around from 1500 BC.

Indic speakers entered into the Indian subcontinent, coming from central Asia.

3rd century BC.

The first written record appeared which is Brāhmī script of Indic.

In the mid-3rd century BC.

Eastern Middle Indo-Aryan dialect was the language of the chancellery of the Mauryan emperor Aśoka in the Indian subcontinent.

1st millennium BC.

Iranian languages were spoken.

9th century AD.

The first written record appeared which is Perso-Arabic script of Iranian

6th century BC.

Old Persian started, it is the language found in the royal inscriptions of the Achaemenid dynasty.

Today.

These languages are predominant in India and Pakistan, such as Hindi-Urdu, Punjabi, and Bengali. Iranian languages such as Farsi (modern Persian), Pashto, and Kurdish are spoken in Iraq, Iran, Afghanistan, and Tajikistan.

This is a video how some Iranian languages are spoken.

2. Italic languages

The Italic languages are a subfamily of the Indo-European language family, originally spoken by Italic peoples. They include Latin and its descendants (the Romance languages) as well as a number of extinct languages of the Italian Peninsula, including Umbrian, Oscan, Faliscan and South Picene.

With over 800 million native speakers, the Italic languages constitute the second most widely spoken branch of the Indo-European family, after the Indo-Iranian languages. Source

Around 1000 BC.

The Italic entered Italy; they crossed the Alps.

At the end of the 3rd century BC.

Epigraphic evidence and an extensive literature began.

In the 7th century BC and by the 6th century BC. Appeared the first inscriptions in Latin.

By 100 AD.

Latin had effaced all the other dialects between Sicily and the Alps, with the exception of Greek in the colonies of Magna Graecia.

Today.

Romance languages are the only surviving descendants of the Italic branch.

A brief history about Romance Language Family.