1420: Portugal begins mapping coast of Africa
Prince Henry of Portugal became known as "Henry the Navigator" even though he never made an ocean voyage. In about 1420, Henry's adventurers sailed along Africa's west coast, mapping the features. They obtained gold from trade with African Kingdoms. The explorers also traveled west into the Atlantic Ocean, where they seized the Azores, Madeira, and Cape Verde islands.
(Page 620)
1488: Dias of Portugal sails to Africa's southern tip
In 1488, the Portuguese explorer Batolomeu Dias sailed to the southern tip of Africa. Nine years later, Vasco da Gama rounded the tip of Africa and landed on India's southwest coast. Europeans had at last found water route to Asia.
(Page 620)
1492: Columbus reaches the Americas
1492 Columbus Reaches The Americas
Desc: One of the most famous explorers who is still know today is, Christopher Columbus, who is famous for making his journey trying to find a trade route and ended up stumbling upon the Americas.
(Page 621-622)
1518: First enslaved Africans brought to Americas
1501-African slaves in the new world Spanish settlers bring slaves from Africa to Santo Domingo.
1562-Britain joins Slave Trade. John Hawkins, the first Britain to take part in the slave trade,makes a huge profit calling human cargo from Africa to Hispaniola.
Source: https://sharondraper.com/timeline.pdf
(No Information in the book)
1520: Magellan's expedition around the world
In 1518, Spain hired Ferdinand Magellan for an exploration around the world. His primary goal was to sail around the Americas then Around Asia. While in the Philippines on his journey he died in battle against local groups. His crew continued the trip down south of Africa's tip and then back to Spain. While he traveled the world, he found that the Pacific Ocean was so peaceful, he named it the Pacific Ocean. He was eaten by cannibals.
(Pages 622-623)
1533: Pizarro conquers the Inca
Pizarro had only 168 soldiers, one cannon, and 27 horses compared to the Inca armies, 30,000 warriors. At their meeting, Pizarro ordered an attack. The Spanish fired into the unarmed Inca crowd.
(Pages 626-627)
1600's: Creation of Joint-Stock Companies
Europeans found that paying for overseas trading voyages was expensive. In the 1600's, however, Europeans developed new business methods. Historians call this the Commercial Revolution. Commerce is the buying and selling of goods in large amounts over long distances. This type of commerce needed large amounts of money in order to be profitable. So, a new type of businessperson called an entrepreneur emerged. Entrepreneurs invest, or put money into a project. Their goal is to make money from the success of the project.
(Page 633)
1600's: The Cottage Industry
By the 1600's, merchants began to believe that artisans and guilds charged too much for their goods. In addition, the merchants thought that these skilled workers did not make goods fast enough. To solve these problems, merchants began hiring peasants to make goods, especially wool cloth in their homes. This system became known as the cottage industry because the small houses where peasants lived and worked were called cottages.
(Page 634)
1600's: Crops to Sell (Tobacco)
During the early 1600's the British used their newfound colony in America to grow tobacco. They themselves, didn't have enough land to grow and sell tobacco, so they made the Americans do it. This was, and still is a huge cash crop for America. The British exported it in from America into England, where they traded it or sold it to the rest of the world. This gave them lots of power since money does equal power.
(Page 631)
1619: Dutch begin Asian spice trade
In the 1600's, English and French merchants arrived in India. They began trading with the people there. In 1619, the Dutch built a fort on the island of Java, in what is now Indonesia. The Dutch became so powerful that they pushed the Portuguese out of the spice trade.
(Page 633)