BAYBAYIN O ALIBATA
"Baybayin" Literary means "spelling" which early Filipinos wrote on bamboo or on specially prepared palm leaves, using knives and styli.
THE PRE/SPANISH COLONIAL PERIOD
The early literary forms of the Philippines were epics, legends, riddles and proverbs which were told and retold by the natives. The literature of pre-colonial Filipinos bore the marks of the community. During the Spanish Colonial Period of the Philippines most of the archipelago underwent a deep cultural, religious transformation.
THE PRE-COLONIAL PERIOD
They used the ancient Tagalog script which had 17 basic symbols: 3 vowels a/e, I, o/u; 14 consonants ba, ka, da/ra, ga, ha, la, ma, na, nga, pa, sa, la, wa, ya. The kudlit modified the sound of the symbol into different vowel sounds.
RIDDLES
TIGMO in Cebuano, PAKTAKON in Ilonggo, PATOTOTDON in Bicolano and BUGTONG in Tagalog.
- Showcase of Filipino wit. literary talent, and keen observation of the surroundings.
- There are made up of one or more measured lines with rhyme and may consist of 4 to 12 syllabes
PROVERBS
Further by offering a nugget of wisdom enveloped in short, apt, rhymed verse.
- When in groups, Ifugao use proverbs to give advice to the young.
- Most of the collected Rombloanon Literature is in the form of proverbs which use metaphorical expression in referring to traditional lore and everyday experience.
FOLK SONG
One of the oldest form of Philippine Literature that emerged in Pre-Spanish period.
Hele Oroyayi - lullaby
Tagay (Cebuano and Waray) - Drinking Song
Kanogan (Cebuano) - Song of lamentation for the dead
Ambahan (Mangyan) - About human relationships and social entertainment.
Kalusan (Ivatan) - Work song
Folk Tales Myths
Explain how the world created, how certain animals possess certain characteristics, why some places have waterfalls, Volcanoes, Flora and Fauna.
Legends
Explain the origin of things.
Fables
Used animals characters and allegory.
Fantasy Stories
Deal with underworld characters such as tiyanak, aswang, kapre and so on.
Epics
These are narratives of sustained length based on oral tradition revolving around supernatural events or heroic deeds.
Folk Tales
Made up of stories about life, adventure, love, horror and humor where one can derive lessons about life.
THE SPANISH COLONIAL PERIOD
1565-1863
Spanish occupied Philippines in early 15th century. The Spanish colonization period has two classification Religious and Secular.
RELIGIOUS LITERATURE
- Religious lyrics written by Ladino poet or those versed in both Spanish and Tagalog were included in early catechism
PASYON
- Long narrative poem about the passion and death of Christ.
- 1704- Gaspar Aquino de Belen
- 1750- Don Luis Guian
- 1814- P. Mariano Pilapil
- 1856- P. Aniceto dela Merced
- A- Asuncion
- R- Resurrecion
- A- Adoracion
- L- Lamentacion
SENAKULO
- Dramatization of the pasyon, it shows the passion and death of Christ.
SECULAR LITERATURE
- Non- Religious literature
IBONG ADARNA
AWIT
- Colorful tales of chivalry made for singing and chanting.
FLORANTE AT LAURA
KORIDO
- Metrical tale written in octosyllabic quatrains.
1879- Modesto de Castro's "Pagsusulatan ng dalawang binibini na si URBANA at ni FELIZA.
PROSE NARRATIVES
- Written to prescribe proper decorum.