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History of Atomic Theory



The history of atomic theory is a fascinating journey that spans over two millennia. Here's a concise timeline of key milestones in the development of atomic theory.


Democritus (~450 BC)

  • Proposed that all matter is made up of small, indivisible particles called "atomos."

John Dalton (1803)

  • Introduced Dalton's Atomic Theory, which included the following postulates:
  1. Elements are made of tiny particles called atoms.
  2. Atoms of the same element are identical, while atoms of different elements are different.
  3. Atoms combine in simple, whole-number ratios to form compounds.

John Dalton (1803)

J.J. Thomson (1896)

  • Discovered the electron and proposed the Plum Pudding Model of the atom.

Ernest Rutherford (1909)

  • Conducted the Gold Foil Experiment, leading to the discovery of the atomic nucleus and the planetary model of the atom.
  • 1871 - 1937